TITL: Exam Cram Network Essentials Sample Test 1 COMP: MVER: NOTE: Although Net Es was retired with the end of the NT4 certification exams, you still need to know this stuff to pass the latest Microsoft exams. TIME: Suppose the following situation exists:[CR][CR]A company hired you to build a network to support 20 PCs and an IBM mainframe computer. The office is already wired with shielded twisted-pair cabling.[CR][CR]Required result:[CR] • The network must accommodate all computers and provide fault tolerance.[CR][CR]Optional desired results:[CR] • The network should support transmission speeds of 100 Mbps.[CR] • The network must be easy to configure.[CR][CR]Proposed solution:[CR] • Implement an Ethernet lOBaseT network in a bus configuration.[CR][CR]Which results does the proposed solution produce? The proposed solution produces the required result and produces both of the optional desired results. *The proposed solution produces the required result and produces only one of the optional desired results. The proposed solution produces the required result but does not produce any of the optional desired results. The proposed solution does not produce the required result. ?The proposed solution produces the required result and only one of the optional desired results. A 10BaseT network would be configured in a star configuration, and therefore be inherently fault tolerant. 10BaseT networks are easy to configure but do not support 100 Mbps. You need to connect two network segments that are 1,000 meters apart. Which of the following cable types can transmit data over 1,000 meters without using a repeater? RG-58A/U *Fiber optic CAT3 UTP CAT5 UTP ?Fiber optic cable is able to transmit data for up to 2,000 meters without a repeater. Although it is faster and more secure than coaxial or twisted-pair cable, fiber optic cable is more expensive and requires specialized installation expertise. RG-58 A/U can only go 185 meters, CAT3 UTP and CAT5 UTP can only go 100 meters (but CAT5 can carry much more bandwidth than CAT3). Which of the following network protocols enables communication with an IBM mainframe computer? FTP RIP *DLC MRP ?The Data Link Control (DLC) protocol enables client communication with IBM mainframes. It is also used to communicate with network-attached printing devices. FTP is a TCPI IP file transfer protocol. RIP may be one of several routing protocols, usually IP-based, but possibly IPX-based. MRP is a common abbreviation for Manufacturing Resource Planning, and is not even a networking protocol. It is possible to install multiple transport protocols on a Windows NT Workstation computer. In what order should binding be set when multiple protocols are used? When IPX/SPX is installed, it should always be at the top of the binding order. When TCP/IP is installed, it should always be at the top of the binding order. The most efficient protocol should be set at the top of the binding order. *The most frequently used protocol should appear at the top of the binding order. ?It is most efficient to bind the most frequently used protocol first. This reduces network response time and makes for faster network connections. There is no protocol sensitivity involved, but rather a matter of search order - the binding order defines the sequence of attempts when broadcasts for name resolution occur. If the most frequently used protocol does not occur at the top of the binding order, users will have to wait for timeouts on broadcasts on less frequently used protocols before they get to the one that’s really needed. It’s a matter of which protocol is most frequently used, not a matter of protocol type or efficiency. The new network administration intern installed a network interface card in her PC. After the installation, she notices that her floppy drive no longer works. What is the most likely cause of this problem? *There is an IRQ or I/O setting conflict. There is a memory error. The NIC uses bus mastering. The wrong kind of bus slot was used. ?In general, when you encounter problems when installing new NICs, IRQ and I/O setting conflicts are usually to blame. Most floppy disk drives are configured to use IRQ 6; if the NIC is also set for that IRQ, neither device will work, so the floppy disk controller will fail. Memory errors most commonly result in boot failures. Bus mastering involves letting an adapter control memory transfers instead of the computer’s CPU; this has nothing to do with a floppy failure. Likewise, it would be difficult (if not impossible) to seat a NIC in the wrong kind of bus slot; even so, this would not affect the floppy. Which connector type is integrated on a NIC to connect to Thinnet? BNC barrel *BNC T AUI RJ-45 ?Thinnet Ethernet uses a BNC T-connector to connect the NIC to the cable. A BNC barrel connector is used only to join two pieces of cable; it includes no place to attach a NIC. AUI (attachment unit interface), is most commonly used to accommodate a transceiver cable, like those used for Thicknet Ethernet. Likewise, an RJ45 connector is typical of lOBaseT, and is not used for Thinnet Ethernet. Which one of the WAN technologies listed below can provide users with bandwidth on demand? T1 X.25 ISDN *Frame relay ?Frame relay uses private virtual circuits (PVCs) to transmit variable-length frames to provide bandwidth to users as needed. T1 comes in a variety of flavors, but all flavors offer fixed bandwidth capabilities. X.25 is a packet-switched technology that offers only modest bandwidth, with a fixed ceiling. ISDN is a digital data transmission technology that offers two or more 64 K or 56 K Bearer channels to users, but each channel supports only a fixed maximum carrying capacity. Which RAID level creates a stripe set, but with no data protection? *RAID 0 RAID 1 RAID 2 RAID 3 ?RAID level 0 (disk striping) writes data to disks in fixed-size blocks, but does not record parity information. Although it offers the best performance, if you lose one disk in a stripe set without parity, all information is lost. RAID 1 usually describes disk mirroring or duplexing, both of which included data redundancy. RAID 2 interleaves data, and writes checksum information to checksum drives. Because RAID 2 creates redundant data, answering RAID 2 is also incorrect. RAID 3 is very much like RAID 2, except it stores parity rather than checksum data; but parity data also provides redundancy. What occurs when the number of network broadcast messages is greater than the amount of available network bandwidth? Crosstalk Attenuation *Broadcast storm Beaconing ?A broadcast storm occurs when the number of broadcast messages overwhelms a network’s carrying capacity. (Its effective bandwidth is swamped by such messages, in other words.) Because routers may be configured to block - rather than transmit - broadcast messages, routers can be used to prevent this type of network overload. Crosstalk, refers to the kind of interference that signals traveling on one set of wires can impose on another set running parallel (often within the same cable bundle). Attenuation, describes the effects of impedance on signal strength in cables - that is, the further they must travel, the weaker they become. Beaconing is the technique used to elect a ring monitor on a Token Ring network whenever a new node enters the ring (or when the current ring monitor exits the ring). Which of the following is a transport protocol? IP IPX SNMP *NetBEUI ?Transport protocols include NetBEUI, as well as NWLink, TCP, and SPX. IP and IPX are network protocols, not transport protocols. SNMP is an application protocol. Suppose the following situation exists:[CR][CR]A company has hired you to connect networks in two separate office buildings that are located 2,000 feet apart.[CR][CR]Required result:[CR] • Provide a working network link that interconnects the two buildings.[CR][CR]Optional desired results:[CR] • The network must support 100 Mbps transmission speeds.[CR] • The network should be immune to interference.[CR][CR]Proposed solution:[CR] • Implement fiber optic Ethernet.[CR][CR]Which results does the proposed solution produce? *The proposed solution produces the required result and produces both of the optional desired results. The proposed solution produces the required result and produces only one of the optional desired results. The proposed solution produces the required result but does not produce any of the optional desired results. The proposed solution does not produce the required result. ?The fiber optic Ethernet technology called lOBaseFL should be implemented. It works, which meets the required result. And because it can transmit data at 100 Mbps for over 2,000 feet, without susceptibility to interference, the proposed solution also delivers both of the optional desired results. The fiber itself can handle data bandwidth beyond 1 GHz; therefore, the fiber by itself can indeed support 100 Mbps transmissions speeds. Also, there are 100 Mbps and even 1 Gbps (802.z-a.k.a. Gigabit Ethernet) implementations of Ethernet that run on fiber. You are the administrator for a network that has several NetWare clients that require access to a Windows NT Server. What must be installed on the Windows NT Server for this to be possible? [Check all correct answers] *NWLink Client Service For NetWare *File And Print Services For NetWare File And Print Services For Microsoft Networks ?A Windows NT Server must use the NWLink protocol and support File And Print Services For NetWare to service native NetWare client requests. Client Service For NetWare permits Windows NT machines to access NetWare servers, which fails to meet the question’s requirements. There is no product or service named File And Print Services For Microsoft Networks. Which of the following devices segment network traffic? [Check all correct answers] Gateway *Bridge Multiplexer *Router ?Both bridges and routers segment network traffic. The difference between the two is that a bridge can only see MAC addresses provided by the Data Link layer. A router can see network addresses transmitted by the Network layer. Routers are not usable with protocols such as NetBEUI; bridges are. But either type of device can segment networks on the basis of the kinds of addresses it can see. A gateway provides translation between two sets of incompatible protocols and services, but provides no traffic segmentation. A multiplexer permits multiple data streams such as voice, video, and data to be aggregated for transmission across a single line, but also provides no traffic segmentation. A newly installed computer on an IPX/SPX Thinnet Ethernet network appears to work fine, but it is unable to access the network, even though all other machines are able to use the network's services. What is the most likely cause of this problem? Protocol mismatch *Incorrect frame type Upper memory area conflicts Faulty connectivity devices ?IPX/SPX protocols support four different frame types for Ethernet. Because Windows NT’s auto-detect capabilities can only handle one of those types at a time, whenever multiple IPX frame types are used, NWLInk must be manually configured to define all frame types in use, and the IPX network numbers where they appear. A protocol mismatch (answer a) is certainly a possible explanation for the problem, but is unlikely on a network that uses only one protocol suite. Upper memory area conflicts (answer c) will usually cause a machine to crash, but the question indicates that the machine is apparently working okay. Answer d points to faulty connectivity devices; this too is a possibility, but it is far less likely, because such failures on Thinnet Ethernet will usually cause the entire network to fail (and other machines still have network access). Which of the following statements describes a star topology? It is less reliable than a ring topology. All network computers get equal network access through the use of CSMA/CD. *It requires more cabling than a bus topology. It is more difficult to troubleshoot than a ring topology. ?Because star topologies are connected through a central hub, each computer requires a direct link to the hub, which uses more cabling than a bus topology, where computers are connected in a series, or to a common cable. In a ring topology, a single cable break could halt the entire network, which makes ring networks less reliable and difficult to troubleshoot. The CSMA/CD access method does not guarantee equal access to all network users; rather, it depends on detecting collisions and random backoff before trying to regulate traffic again (only token-based technologies can guarantee equal access). Which of the following devices can be used to reduce traffic bottlenecks on a network that uses the NetBEUI protocol? Router Multiplexer *Bridge Gateway ?A bridge can be used on a NetBEUI-based network to reduce network traffic. Because NetBEUI is not a routable protocol, answer a is incorrect. Multiplexers and gateways can’t reduce network traffic. What type of network-access method should be implemented to provide centralized control of network transmissions? CSMA/CA CSMA/CD *Demand priority Token passing ?With demand priority, communications only take place among a sending computer, the hub, and a receiving computer, with all transmissions under the hub’s control. Computers using the CSMA/CA access method send signals of their intent to transmit information. With CSMA/CD, computers monitor the network cable and only send messages when no other computer is transmitting information. Token passing relies on distributed control, not centralized control, because only the station that holds the token is permitted to transmit.[CR][CR]To correctly answer this question, you must understand the demand priority network-access method. The demand priority network access method is currently used by only the 100 VG-AnyLAN architecture and uses the specifications from IEEE 802.12. In the demand priority structure, intelligent hubs manage network communications. When a computer has data to send, it demands time from the hub. The hub is continuously searching for requests for network time using a round-robin method. Because the hubs control which computers receive time on the network, they can be set up to give certain computers - say, servers - higher priority than others. Thus, the name “demand priority” refers to demand from the workstations and priority from the hubs. Which of these hardware devices can be used to boost broadband signal strength across a long cable? Repeaters *Amplifiers Passive hubs Time-domain reflectometers ?Amplifiers are used to boost signal strength on broadband networks. Repeaters strengthen baseband signals. Passive hubs combine the signals of network segments with neither signal processing nor regeneration. A time-domain reflectometer is a cable-testing tool, not a signal-boosting technology. Which operating systems allow you to assign separate passwords to each shared resource? [Check all correct answers] *Windows95 Windows NT Server Windows NT Workstation *Windows For Workgroups ?Windows 95 and Windows For Workgroups allow you to assign passwords to shared resources through the use of File Manager or Explorer. Windows NT assigns rights to users and groups for resource access. When should you use DNS instead of WINS to resolve a computer name into an IP address? When there is no LMHOSTS file When there is no HOSTS file *When the name being requested has a period (.) in it When the name being requested has a backslash (\) in it ?DNS names use periods to indicate domains and subdomains. HOSTS and LMHOSTS files are used when a name server is not available to resolve fully qualified domain names (FQDNs) or NetBIOS names, respectively. NetBIOS names include backslashes, and are serviced by WINS, not DNS. A Windows NT Server on the network is extremely slow and you suspect that it doesn’t have enough RAM. Which counter would you measure in Performance Monitor to determine if this is the case? *Page Faults/sec Disk Reads/sec % Processor Time Network Reads/sec ?A high number of page faults per second, measured through Page Faults/sec, indicates that the operating system is being forced to move large amounts of data between the paging file and RAM. Disk Reads/sec is not a conclusive indicator of low memory, because the behavior of the storage subsystem impacts what it measures heavily. % Processor Time usually indicates CPU-bound bottlenecks, not RAM bottlenecks. Network Reads/sec measures network activity, not memory access. What must be installed to enable Windows 95 client computers to access a NetWare server? [Check all correct answers] Gateway Service For NetWare *An IPX/SPX-compatible protocol File And Print Services For NetWare *Microsoft Client For NetWare Networks ?Windows 95 computers must be able to use NWLink, an IPX/SPX-compatible protocol. Likewise the Microsoft Client For NetWare Networks must also be installed for Windows 95 computers to access files and printers located on a NetWare server. The Gateway Service For NetWare runs on Windows NT, not Windows 95, which is not included in the question as stated. File And Print Services For NetWare permits native NetWare clients to access a Windows NT Server, not Windows 95 clients to access a NetWare server so this is irrelevant to the question. What topology should you use if you want to use routers to search among multiple active paths and decide upon the best path at any given moment? Star Bus Ring *Mesh ?A mesh topology uses routers to evaluate multiple active paths and uses the best one for transmission. A star, a bus, and a ring all supply only one path between sender and receiver and do not meet the question’s requirements.[CR][CR]This is, in fact, what routers are best at. Although it’s not mentioned in the text, a mesh configuration of routers allows the routers to make the best choice for the path the packet will take. Which layer of the OSI Reference Model translates data formats? Application Data Link Network *Presentation ?The Presentation layer translates application data into an intermediary format for sending, and from the intermediary format into an application format upon receipt. In addition, it manages security issues and data compression. The Application layer provides an interface between local applications and the network, but does no translation. The Data Link layer handles packaging data into frames for transmission, and from frames into packets upon reception; again, no data translations are involved. Likewise, the Network layer handles message routing, addressing, and quality-of-service information, but does no data translation either. How does a router reduce broadcast storms on a network? By only transmitting TCP/IP broadcast messages By only transmitting SNMP broadcast messages *By blocking forwarding of broadcast messages By using multiple routes to transmit broadcast messages ?Most routers are not configured to transmit broadcast messages of any kind across wide-area links, or onto cable segments where such broadcasts do not apply. Routers do not always transmit TCP/IP broadcasts. SNMP uses directed unicasts, not broadcasts, to send messages. The secret to dealing with broadcast storms is not to divide the load they impose, but to block such traffic from being forwarded elsewhere. Which of the following tools permits you to determine what particular devices may be causing network problems without requiring that these devices be turned off? *Protocol analyzer Time-domain reflectometer Transceiver Volt-ohm meter ?A protocol analyzer allows you to examine broadcast storms, network bottlenecks, and unusual network utilization patterns. Using a TDR normally requires that the network be shut down while it’s in use. A transceiver is a simple medium-attachment device and offers no troubleshooting capabilities. A VOM normally requires access to the conductors in a cable that carries network traffic; as such access requires the cable to be disconnected from its normal point of attachment, using a VOM typically renders one or more parts of a network inoperable during testing. Which of the following items should you check if your network is unable to resolve a Unix host name into a corresponding IP address? DHCP LMHOSTS *DNS WINS ?DNS is used to resolve Unix host names into IP addresses. DHCP, supplies IP addresses to clients dynamically, but provides no name-resolution services. LMHOSTS, is an expanded version of a HOSTS file, which is designed to map between IP addresses, host names, and NetBIOS names. Because most Unix hosts do not need NetBIOS name support, this file plays no role in the process of translating a Unix host name into an IP address. For the same reason, WINS is also uninvolved in resolving Unix host information. Which of the following devices can be used to examine frame counts, collisions, and beaconing information? Oscilloscopes Volt-ohm meters Time-domain reflectometers *Advanced cable testers ?Advanced cable testers are able to display frame counts, collisions, and beaconing information. The other answers all refer to devices that are not able to measure such information. Oscilloscopes can only measure and monitor waveforms; VOMs can only measure voltage, current, and basic electrical activity; and TDRs are used to check for cable faults or to measure cable lengths. Suppose the following situation exists:[CR][CR]You run a network that is divided into two segments that are connected by a bridge. The only protocol in use is NetBEUI. You recently added five workstations and network performance has decreased to an unsatisfactory level.[CR][CR]Required result:[CR] • Replace the bridge with a more efficient device.[CR][CR]Optional desired results:[CR] • Continue using only NetBEUI.[CR] • Keep the costs to a minimum.[CR][CR]Proposed solution:[CR] • Replace the bridge with an Ethernet switching hub to create a third network segment.[CR][CR]Which of the results does the proposed solution produce? The proposed solution produces the required result and produces both of the optional desired results. *The proposed solution produces the required result and produces only one of the optional desired results. The proposed solution produces the required result but does not produce any of the optional desired results. The proposed solution does not produce the required result. ?By replacing the bridge with a switching hub, you can increase network performance while retaining your ability to use NetBEUI. Because this solution obtains the required result, and one of the optional desired results, it is an eminently satisfactory implementation. The proposed solution does not produce both of the optional desired results because Ethernet switches are expensive and will increase cost. Which of the following is a drawback of peer-to-peer networking? A server failure can render a network unusable; at best, it results in loss of network resources. Costs increase due to the requirements of dedicated hardware and specialized software. *When shared resources are accessed, the machine where the resource resides suffers a performance hit. An expert staff is needed to manage the complex, special-purpose server software, which adds to the overall cost. ?Machines that house network resources do take a performance hit when that resource is accessed. If a machine in a peer-to-peer environment goes down, only the resources on that particular machine are unavailable; the rest of the net work continues to work. A dedicated server only blocks access to network resources on server-based networks. Answering that costs increase describes a drawback of a server-based network. Peer-to-peer networks are easy to implement, and no specialized staff is needed for full-time support. This is also a server-based network draw back, not one of a peer-to-peer network. Which layer of the OSI Reference Model establishes a route between sending and receiving computers? Transport Session *Network Physical ?The Network layer is responsible for determining the route from the source to the destination computer. The Transport layer is responsible for error-handling information and flow control. The Session layer maintains an ongoing session betweer computers. The Physical layer is responsible for communication with the network media, and has nothing to do with route selection. Of the following cable types, which is the most susceptible to crosstalk? STP *CAT5 UTP Coaxial Fiber optic ?Of all the cable types mentioned in the answers, unshielded twisted-pair is the most susceptible to crosstalk (where electrical signals bleed overfrom one wire to another). Although coaxial and STP cables are susceptible to crosstalk, they have shielding to reduce its effects. Fiber optic cable uses optical transmission technologies that are immune to crosstalk, as long as cable integrity remains unimpaired. Which of the following is the most likely culprit when a computer’s operating system is unable to detect a network card? [Choose the best answer] Wrong frame type is set on the network card *Wrong IRQ is set on the network card Wrong IRQ is set on the IDE controller card Wrong protocol is bound to the network adapter ?The only situation that could cause an operating system to fail to detect a network card is an IRQ conflict. An erroneous protocol and/or frame type would only disable network communications; neither would render the card “invisible” to the OS. An incorrect IDE controller setting might prevent the computer from booting, but it wouldn’t affect the computer’s ability to detect a NIC. Your network is experiencing heavy traffic and signal attenuation due to overly long cable distances between computers.[CR][CR]Required result:[CR] • Correct the signal attenuation problem.[CR][CR]Optional desired results:[CR] • Reduce broadcast traffic that is present on your network.[CR] • Filter network traffic to reduce the number of frames transferred across the network.[CR][CR]Proposed solution:[CR] • Install repeaters between distant segments.[CR][CR]Which results does the proposed solution produce? The proposed solution produces the required result and produces both of the optional desired results. The proposed solution produces the required result and produces only one of the optional desired results. *The proposed solution produces the required result but does not produce any of the optional desired results. The proposed solution does not produce the required result. ?Using repeaters will stop the signal attenuation by regenerating the signal, but they have no ability to reduce or filter traffic in any way. Therefore, only the required result is met. Which of the following are normally associated with user-level security? [Check all correct answers] *Each user is assigned a unique user name and password Windows 95 *Windows NT *Users are allowed access to resources based on their user name and password ?Systems using user-level security assign each user a unique user name and password, and assign resources based on privileges associated with the user. Contrast this with share-level security, where resource owners place passwords on resources. Windows NT is designed to support user-level security. Windows 95 is designed to support share-level security, which is why it’s not included in the list of correct answers. What is the function of a redirector? To maintain a group appointment list. To map directory shares to local drive letters. To associate protocols, NICs, and services in order of priority. *To forward requests to local or remote resource hosts. ?A redirector intercepts requests for services, analyzes them, and forwards network requests to the correct hosts. A networked scheduling application manages group appointments, not a redirector. You map drives using network-aware file-management tools or utilities (like Windows Explorer). Associating priorities is a services-management process. Your company has two LANs, each of which uses a different protocol. You need to interconnect both LAN5 but do not want to configure additional protocols for either network. What kind of device could perform this task? Bridge Router Brouter *Gateway ?Only a gateway can translate from one protocol to another, and vice versa. A bridge simply interconnects two cable segments; although a bridge can interconnect different cabling types, it requires that the protocols on both sides of the connection be the same. A router can also connect multiple cable segments, but requires common protocols as well. As a brouter combines the functions of a bridge and a router, it too is subject to the same limitation. Your UPS shuts off every time your Windows NT computer boots. What might fix this problem? Bypass the UPS and plug your computer directly into the wall outlet. Push the spacebar to invoke The Last Known Good Configuration during the boot process. *Use the /NOSERIALMICE switch in the BOOT.INI file. Reboot using the Emergency Repair Disk. ?During a boot, NTDETECT.COM attempts to identify all system peripherals. This includes sending a signal to all serial ports. This signal may shut off some manufacturers’ UPS systems, so it makes sense to disable sending a signal to the port where the UPS is attached. Bypassing the UPS will not fix the problem; it only circumvents it. Returning to the Last Known Good Configuration will only restore the Registry to its previous settings; this will do nothing to alter Windows NT’s bootup behavior. Reboot using the ERD will not change this behavior, either. Which of the following can gather performance information from a router’s MIB? *SNMP Protocol analyzer Network Monitor Time-domain reflectometer ?The Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) is able to obtain information from the management information base (MIB) maintained by a router. Although a protocol analyzer might be able to decode the packets that carry the MIB from one place to another, such devices are not able to interrogate MIBs. Network Monitor is a network-utilization and traffic-characterization tool, and has no ability to interrogate MIBs, either. A TDR measures cable lengths and helps to locate cable breaks and faults, but has no ability to work with SNMP. A company is installing an Internet Web server and is concerned with how quickly data images can be read from the server and sent to potential clients. What disk-management system would you want to deploy for maximum performance? The company is not as concerned with losing the data as it is with the speed at which the data can be read. RAID level 2 RAID level 5 Disk mirroring *Disk striping without parity ?Disk striping without parity spreads input/output activity across multiple drives, but works most quickly, because no parity information is calculated or written to disk. RAID level 2 is noted for slow performance, so it is clearly unsuitable. Although RAID level 5 is not as slow as level 2, it’s not as fast as RAID 0 (disk striping without parity). Likewise, disk mirroring is not as slow as RAID 2, but it’s not as fast as RAID 0, either. You are installing a network card in a computer that has several devices configured. There is a printer on LPT 1, a mouse on COM 1, a modem on COM 2, and a SCSI host adapter occupying IRQ 10. The computer also has a sound card using IRQ 5. If your network card supports IRQs 3 through 5 and 9 through 11, which of the following IRQs could you use in this computer? IRQ3 IRQ4 IRQ1O *IRQ11 ?The correct answer is IRQ 11. COM 1 is using IRQ 4, COM 2 is using IRQ 3, LPT 1 is using IRQ 7, and the SCSI host adapter is using IRQ 10, so the only remaining open IRQ is 11. Which of the following WAN technologies uses packet assemblers and disassemblers? ATM ISDN *X.25 Frame relay ?Because X.25 uses telephone lines, it incorporates lots of error-checking overhead and requires packet assemblers and disassemblers to attach to the public data network. None of the other technologies mentioned - ATM, ISDN, or frame relay - uses packet assemblers or disassemblers as part of the transmission and reception processes. You run a l0Base5 network that has three segments, each separated by a repeater. The trunk ends are terminated by 50-ohm terminators, and there are six in all. How many terminators should be grounded? Two *Three Six None ?Each trunk segment must be grounded at one end. Because there are six terminators, only three ends need to be terminated. This question could be a little more clearly stated, but this is an example of the confusing questions you may encounter on the actual exam. From the way the question is worded, we can determine that it is not a twisted-pair or Thinnet network. Only 10Base5 (Thicknet) networks require grounding. Along these lines, only one end of a Thicknet segment should be grounded. If both ends are grounded, the signal could attempt to use the ground for transmission, which of course won’t work. What limitation applies to a WINS server that doesn’t make use of any other name-resolution methods? [Choose the best answer] All computers must have an LMHOSTS file. *All computers must know the IP address of the WINS server. It cannot perform name resolution for Internet computer names. It generates more network traffic than NetBIOS broadcasts. ?All client computers must know the WINS server’s IP address. Answering that all computers must have an LMHOSTS file is incorrect only because although it’s not illegal for them to have one, WINS provides the same functions from a single centralized server. Answering that it cannot perform name resolution for Internet computer names is true, but irrelevant. Answering that it generates more network traffic than NetBIOS broadcasts is just flat wrong: WINS uses directed unicasts (which is why each computer must have the WINS server’s IP address), which are much less intrusive than NetBIOS broadcasts. Which of the following statements is true for HOSTS and LMHOSTS files? *A local HOSTS file is used as a local DNS equivalent. A remote HOSTS file is used as a local WINS equivalent. A local LMHOSTS file is used as a local DNS equivalent. A remote LMHOSTS file is used as a local WINS equivalent. ?A HOSTS file is a local text file that resolves DNS names into IP addresses. HOSTS is equivalent to DNS, not WINS. LMHOSTS is equivalent to WINS, not DNS. Answering that a remote LMHOSTS file is used as a local WINS equivalent puts the remote and local terms on the wrong sides, because a local LMHOSTS file is most commonly used as a remote WINS equivalent, not vice versa. What is the maximum throughput on a V.35 combined circuit link with four 28.8 modems? 1.44Mbps 28.8 Kbps *115.2Kbps 144Kbps ?The combination of a V.35 link with four 28.8 Kbps modems provides throughput equal to their sum; in fact, 4 times 28.8 Kbps equals 115.2 Kbps. Using simple mathematics, the other answers are obviously incorrect. Which of the following actions would most effectively reduce the number of network reads and writes? Using TCP/IP instead of NetBEUI Using Token Ring instead of Ethernet *Increasing the network packet size Reducing the TCP window size ?Increasing the network packet size generally reduces the number of network reads and writes. TCP/IP has higher overhead than NetBEUI (which is one reason why NetBEUI is the faster of the two protocols), so it will increase the number of network reads and writes. Using Token Ring, with its 4 K and 16 K packet sizes, instead of Ethernet, with its maximum size of 1,564 bytes, would reduce the number of reads and writes, but is an incredibly expensive and timeconsuming switchover for relatively little gain in performance, thus being an is impractical and inefficient answer. Reducing the TCP window size, is the opposite of what you’d want to do - it too would increase the number of reads and writes and is wrong for that reason. Which Windows NT application may be used to identify any network users who have made unsuccessful login attempts? Explorer File Manager User Manager *Event Viewer ?After enabling auditing for unsuccessful login attempts in User Manager, you must inspect the Security log from within Windows NT’s Event Viewer to see what IDs are involved in unsuccessful logins. Explorer, be it the Microsoft Internet or the file management variety, says nothing about logins. For the same reason, File Manager is wrong as well. Although auditing must be enabled in the Policies menu of User Manager, this only permits auditing to occur; it collects no audit information. Because it cannot indicate what IDs are used for unsuccessful login attempts, this answer is also wrong. Which of the following is required to implement user-level security on a network that includes Windows 95 machines? DNS server WINS server *Windows NT Server Master Browser ?A Windows NT Server is required to provide userlevel security to grant access to Windows 95 resources. A DNS server only handles IP domain name and address resolution. A WINS server only handles IP address and NetBIOS name resolution. The Master Browser maintains a database of NetBIOS resources available on a network, which has only a tangential relationship with security information or control. Which of the following cable types can span distances greater than 100 meters, but no more than 185 meters? *10Base2 10Base5 10BaseT Fiber optic ?10Base2 cable (or Thinnet) is able to transmit over segments that are up to 185 meters long. 10Base5 can handle lengths up to 500 meters, which makes that an incorrect choice. lOBaseT is limited to 100 meters, and falls short of the stipulated upper distance boundary. Fiber optic cable for Ethernet can span distances up to 2,000 meters, well beyond the 185-meter ceiling. Which of the following devices is able to perform protocol conversions? *Gateway Router Bridge Brouter ?Only a gateway can perform protocol conversions by repackaging data packets in the form required by the protocol stack of a receiving computer. Neither a router, a bridge, nor a brouter can perform protocol translations. Which of the following terms describes the process of communicating to the computers on a Token Ring network that a network error of some kind has interrupted token passing? Jitter Crosstalk Attenuation *Beaconing ?When a network error that interrupts token passing occurs, a signal called a beacon is transmitted to computers on a Token Ring network. Jitter refers to a variation in the timing between a network sender and receiver, or in the regularity of a particular source clock for sending signals. It has nothing to do with Token Ring. Crosstalk describes the phenomenon whereby signals traveling over one or more pairs of cable interfere with signals traveling over another set of one or more pairs, often within the same cable bundle. This has nothing to do with Token Ring, either. Attenuation describes how signals weaken, owing to cumulative impedance across a cable, which increases as the cable gets longer. This is also unrelated to Token Ring networking. Which of the following devices can reduce traffic bottlenecks on a NetBEUI network? Gateway *Bridge Router Multiplexer ?A bridge can be used to segment traffic based on MAC addresses on a NetBEUI network. Gateways operate across all seven layers of the OSI Reference Model, but seldom (if ever) provide traffic control functions. Although routers can be used to segment network traffic, NetBEUI is not routable, so it’s not a plausible solution for this situation (although routers with bridging capability, called brouters, could provid such a service). Finally, a multiplexer aggregates multiple traffic strearr (such as voice, video, and data), but also fails to manage traffic. Which OSI Reference Model layer is responsible for repackaging data bits into data frames? *Data Link Network Physical Presentation ?The Data Link layer of the OSI Reference Model is responsible for repackaging data bits from the Physical layer into frames. The Network layer handles addressing and routing issues, not frames. The Physical layer manages access to the networking medium and related signaling or reception issues, but does not manipulate frames either. Finally, the Presentation layer handles translation from generic data formats to platform - and application - specific forms (and vice versa), but does not manipulate frames at all. Which of the following backup methods only backs up files that were created or changed since the last full backup and marks those files as archived? Daily backup Differential backup *Incremental backup Normal backup ?An incremental backup backs up files that were created or changed since the last full backup and resets the archive bit. A daily backup copies all files that were created or changed today (that is, whose creation or modification dates equal today’s date) but leaves the archive bit alone. A differential backup copies all files that have been created or changed since the last full backup, but leaves the archive bit alone. A normal backup is the same thing as a full backup, which is to say that it backs up all files and then resets each one’s archive bit. Because it copies all files, it too is an incorrect choice. Which remote access connection technology can be used when data compression is required? SLIP *PPP ?Only PPP supports compression, along with authentication encryption, PPTP, and DHCP, and can support a wide range of LAN protocols. SLIP does not support compression, encryption, PPTP, or DHCP, and supports only TCP/IP. A network consisting of 25 Windows 98 machines requires that each machine be able to share resources. Which security mechanism should you employ to allow each system’s operator to share resources easily? User-level security Domain-level security File-level security *Share-level security ?Share-level security is really your only option when the network consists of 25 Windows 98 machines. Share-level security assigns a password (which can be blank) to each shared resource. If the question had stated that the network “included” 25 Windows 98 machines rather than “consisting of” 25 Windows 98 machines, you may have assumed a network server, such as a Windows NT Server, was present. In that case, either share-level or user-level security could have been used. User-level security requires that each user be authenticated to the network; then, the user’s authentication credentials are used to grant or deny access to shared resources. Domain-level security is not a true security type within the Microsoft networking world, but it could be considered as a computer membership in a domain. However, Windows 98 systems cannot be true domain members; only Windows NT and Windows 2000 systems can actually have computer domain accounts. File-level security is afforded systems with file systems, such as NTFS, from Windows NT Windows 98 does not include a file system that offers file-level security. You have three networks in three different cities. You need to establish a communication network so each of the three networks can communicate with the others. You must have a minimum of 1 MB of throughput available, and the three networks must be able to communicate even if a single link goes down. Which of the following scenarios offers a solution that meets these requirements? Connect the networks in a series one after the other in a virtual line using T1 links. Connect the networks through a central hub using T1 links. *Connect the networks in a triangle using T1 links. Connect the networks in both a triangle and through a central hub using ISDN links. ?A triangle provides fault tolerance if one of the links fails, plus the use of T1 provides the 1 MB minimum throughput because each link can support 1.54 MB. Linking the networks in a series or through a central hub is not fault tolerant because if one link fails, communication is impossible with one of the networks. The use of a triangle and a central hub does provide for fault tolerance; however, ISDN lines do not offer 1 MB of throughput. Even with both B channels on all three possible nonduplicated paths from one network to another, throughput is still only 6*64 MB, which equals 384 MB (64 MB for each B channel, 2 channels per link, and 3 links). On a NetBEUI Windows NT-based network, which of the following mechanisms is used to support file transfers? Routing Information Protocol (RIP) *Server Message Block (SMB) NetWare Core Protocol (NCP) AppleTalk File Protocol (AFP) ?Server Message Block (SMB) functions above NetBEUI and NetBIOS in the OSI Reference Model and is used by Windows NT systems to transfer files. RIP is used by routers to update routing tables, not transfer files. NCP is used by NetWare client shells and redirectors. AFP is used by Macintosh systems. You’ve been asked to connect a legacy system to your network. The legacy computer uses a NIC with an AUI connector. The network media is Thinnet coax. Which two of the following items must you employ to connect this computer to the network? [Check all correct answers] Terminator *BNC T-connector RJ-45 connector *Transceiver ?A BNC T-connector must be used to create a connection point; then, a transceiver must be used to connect the AUT to the T-connector. A terminator is used at the end of a coax segment. An RJ-45 connector is used with UTP or STP, not coax.